[…]
B: Well, and then we have -. Um - We were never satisfied with the politics,
and my husband wanted to leave Israel because he no longer wanted to go to war. There was no-,
there was-, there was no conscientious objection in Israel. So, we said, well,
then we’ll go to Germany, won’t we? So-, after we heard that things were completely
different in Germany
now, that there was no more antisemitism, that there was no such thing-, which of course wasn’t true
at all, was it? But we believed that at the time, didn’t we? And then we arrived
here in 1960, we came with the two children to Hamburg.
A: And your husband was Sabre Sabre or
Sabra is a term for a Jewish person who was born in Israel, as opposed to
immigrants or Jews living in the diaspora., wasn’t he?
B: Yes. My husband, my husband was born in Israel, yes? Comes from a
very, very poor family, had to work already as a child-
A: Mhm.
B: Yes? So, he also had a hard life.
A: Mhm.
B: Isn’t that right? Well, and then we arrived here and came to some sort of
arrangement, didn’t we? And only later, I um-. So, I did-, we lived pretty much in
isolation for quite a while. Maybe we were in the Jewish Congregation a bit-, we
had friends in the Jewish
Congregation, uh, then we did some kind of work that didn’t appeal to
us at all-, because we-, uh, we then became-, so we started our own business, we
were-, we opened a laundromat. And that was very, very hard, very (emphasized) hard work. Well, and my
husband, in the course of time he did a, uh, a retraining, yes? He worked here from
the very first moment, yes? Back then, it was still quite easy to get work because
there was a big, big, uh, demand for people who could work, wasn’t there? And he
somehow ended up working for a company, I think, wait, what was it called? Westphal, I think. No, Westphal? No. Westphal, that was
something else again. No, no, it wasn’t Westphal. But
it was some company, a company that cooperated with Edeka A German-based grocery store chain., yes? So, it was a
trucking company, wasn’t it? And he worked there as a driver
and delivered groceries or something, didn’t he? That was also pretty hard work. And
then we started our own business, uh, with this laundromat. And that was also to
me-, well that was very, very hard for me. And uh, there, there, we had a
doctor, he was our family doctor, that
was Doctor Lucas, yes? And he was very, very nice
and very good. And he always said to me, well, you absolutely have to, uh, apply for
restitution. I didn’t even think about getting restitution, yes? because I said,
well, I’m reasonably healthy. He said to me, no, you’re not healthy at all, you have
to do this and that and so on. Yes, and he then wrote me a certificate and, uh, and
he wanted (emphasized) absolutely that
I, uh, that I apply for, uh, restitution. Well, and that’s what I did afterwards.
And I only have him to thank for that. And later, after many, many years, I only
found out that this Doctor Lucu-, Lucas Dr. Franz Lucas, a physician in the Auschwitz
concentration camp. was a doctor in Auschwitz, yes? I didn’t
know that. That’s why he was like that. He knew all about Auschwitz, yes? And such,
right? And I had no idea that he really was a doctor
there. But (emphasized) but he was, he had
witnesses in Auschwitz, and at this
physicians’ trial, the one that took place in Nuremberg,
yes?
He was acquitted because he s-, uh, he had Jewish witnesses who, uh, testified that
he was a very good doctor and that he didn’t harm anyone. Well,
that was something, wasn’t it? But coming to a doctor like that
of all people, right? That was (laughing) -. I was (emphasized) like dumbfounded!
A: And that was a coincidence, then?
B: Coincidence, yes. In Altona, Doctor Lucas, wasn’t it? I only found out later, uh,
through the Association of Persecutees
of the Nazi Regime
Vereinigung der Verfolgten des
Naziregimes
(VVN), yes? Because they knew exactly which people were in Auschwitz, who, what kind
of teach-, what kind of doctors were in Auschwitz and so on. I
hadn’t dealt with that at all, had I? But it was a shock for me! Wasn’t it? But I
didn’t leave him afterwards for that reason. I was already, uh, away from him when I
found out. […]
Abridged: Brief digression on medical
treatment
B: Yes, and that’s how I ended up in, uh, here in Hamburg, yes? And that only
came about through a, through a family friend we knew from Israel who came here to
Hamburg, who
always wrote to us, come here, it’s so wonderful here, and Hamburg is such a beautiful
city, and the people are so nice and so on. Well, and then we stuck to this place,
didn’t we? And I didn’t start my political work until much later, yes? That is, when
I had this boutique afterwards, didn’t I? People came to me. And they always asked
me, where do you come from, yes? Because I’m, I don’t look particularly German, do
I? Or Aryan, as they called it back then. Uh, they asked me, where are you from? And
then I said, I’m from, well, I’m from Germany here. I was born in
Germany, but I
emigrated to Palestine. And I was, but before that I was in Auschwitz and Ravensbrück. Well, and then
some people came from the Association
of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime Vereinigung der Verfolgten des
Naziregimes
(VVN) and they asked me to tell them my story. And that’s how it all
started, right? Afterwards, I began singing and uh, and I thought, I can use this,
my, my musical talent to, uh, educate people, yes? I can tell my story, but I can
also sing songs originating from the ghettos and from the concentration camps, yes?
And, and that’s how it stayed, right? And then I used that, didn’t I? My musicality,
to then start singing again and, and to use that for a certain, for a certain thing,
uh. […] Abridged:
Remarks on political commitment, change of tape
A: How did you feel about the atmosphere when you came here to Hamburg? And what was it
like for you to arrive here in the first place?
B: Well, it was really bad at first, yes? The moment I crossed the German
border and I saw German soldiers, I saw German, um, German policemen, some people in
uniform, I got such a guilty conscience that I thought, my God, what have you done
to your children and your husband now, that you, that we have ended up here in
Germany again!
That was actually the case, I didn’t want to leave Israel at all, yes? Because
I already suspected, didn’t I? That it would really get to me if I returned, right?
Because I really (emphasized) had
prejudices, yes? Because I thought, well, everyone can’t have changed so suddenly,
can they? There must be some people who have remained Nazis. So, I was quite
horrified when I got there, when I arrived! And I was (emphasized) terribly upset. And then I went to Hamburg, well, when we got
to Hamburg, and I
had to do all these, uh, all these, all these official matters, I had to do all
that, because Nissim couldn’t speak German, yes?
So, I had no other choice. I had to do it. So, until I got my passport, my, uh,
German nationality, which I never lost, yes? Uh, but until it was converted into an
identity card, yes? That took a while, or rather I got it straight away, yes,
because there was no doubt about it. And, uh, but the way they, these, these, these
bureaucrats there, the way they treated you, that was enough for me, wasn’t it? And
I always got into such a state when I had to go to a government office, breaking out
in red spots all over and what not! I was incredibly upset and I-. Well, I still
feel that way today, by the way, so somehow, it’s remained my ailment, hasn’t it?
It’s remained from back then, yes, that I’m (emphasized) always afraid of any authorities, even though I have no
reason to be, yes? But it’s embedded in me, isn’t it? So, it’s been, uh, an
incredible adjustment, coming back from Israel to Germany, hasn’t it? And
I’m..., I would say, so in the beginning we were really very much withdrawn, uh so,
uh, we didn’t, we just, uh, didn’t get involved, yeah? […] Abridged: short passage about secluded
life
B: ... so I, I ended up back in Germany, yes, well, I mean,
I ended up here mentally because I got to know people who were of my opinion, who
also, uh, fought against Hitler, yes? Those were the people in the Association of Persecutees of the Nazi
Regime Vereinigung der Verfolgten des
Naziregimes
(VVN), in the Association
of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime Vereinigung der Verfolgten des
Naziregimes. And, and, and (emphasized) that’s where I spent time,
yes? Before I was there, yes, before I came into this, into these circles, I wasn’t
politically active at all, was I? But I kind of missed it, didn’t I? […]
Esther Bejarano, née Loewy, was born on December 15, 1924 in Saarlouis. She grew up in Saarbrücken and Ulm, where her father was the cantor of the Jewish congregation. Due to the Nazi persecution, three of her siblings fled to the USA, Palestine, and the Netherlands. Esther Bejarano also wanted to leave Germany and went on hachschara in Brandenburg, i.e., she prepared herself for emigration to Palestine. Starting in 1941, she had to perform forced labor and was deported to Auschwitz on April 20, 1943 – from there to Ravensbrück six months later. Unlike her parents and sister, who had fled to the Netherlands, she survived. After her liberation, she emigrated to Palestine, where she worked as a singer and music teacher. In 1960, she returned to Germany with her husband and children and moved to Hamburg. She performed as a singer and got involved in the Auschwitz Committee. Esther Bejarano died in Hamburg on July 10, 2021.
Interview with Esther Bejarano, conducted by Linde Apel on March 4, 2003, FZH/WdE 744. (translated by Erwin Fink), edited in: Key Documents of German-Jewish History, <https://keydocuments.net/source/jgo:source-271> [November 21, 2024].